Anaemia

Anaemia is common in chronic disease and may be significant in some malignancies or as a side effect of cytotoxic medications. Some patients may have a profound reduction in cell counts before becoming symptomatic, whereas for others even minor changes can cause significant distress. Symptoms include tiredness, weakness, breathlessness, and dizziness.

Treatment

• Management and explanation of symptoms
• Increased dietary iron intake may help in mild cases
• Control of bleeding where this is the cause
• Iron, folate or B12 replacement
• Consider blood transfusion for symptomatic benefit if Hb<70g/L
• Aim to transfuse 1-2 units in a day
• Reassess symptomatic response before planning regular transfusion