Anorexia

Anorexia relates to a loss of appetite which in turn causes a loss of energy, muscle mass and weight. This is associated with many terminal conditions in patients receiving palliative care. It may be a cytokine response in advanced disease but may also be due to side effects of medication.

Non-drug treatment

• Fatigue management programmes
• Psychological support
• Complementary therapies
• Dietician input

Drug treatments

• Calorie fortified drinks and supplements
• Corticosteroids (usually dexamethasone) as a short course to promote appetite
• Mirtazapine, a tetracyclic antidepressant, in low doses can promote increased appetite